Journal: Cell Death & Disease
Article Title: 18F-FDG-PET/CT-negative gastric cancer employs glutamine-based gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation to support tumor growth
doi: 10.1038/s41419-026-08662-9
Figure Lengend Snippet: A IHC Analysis of GLUT1, PCK2, and CPT1A in 18F-FDG PET-Negative and -Positive Gastric Cancer Tissues. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was performed on 18F-FDG-PET-negative cancer tissues from 10 patients and 18F-FDG-PET-positive cancer tissues from 25 patients using antibodies against GLUT1, PCK2, and CPT1A. Representative images are shown (left panel). The staining intensity for GLUT1, PCK2, and CPT1A was scored and presented (right panel). IHC Analysis of GLUT1, PCK2, and CPT1A in a Gastric Carcinoma Tissue Microarray. A tissue microarray containing 190 cases of gastric cancer was subjected to IHC analysis to evaluate the levels of GLUT1 ( B ), PCK2 ( C ), and CPT1A ( D ). GLUT1, PCK2 and CPT1A staining were scored and subjected to correlation analysis with SUV values, respectively. The correlation analysis was determined by Pearson product moment correlation test. Mean ± SD, n = 35. E IHC Analysis of GLUT1, PCK2, and CPT1A in Gastric Cancer Subtypes According to the Lauren Classification. IHC analysis was performed on 62 cases of diffuse-type gastric cancer and 80 cases of intestinal-type gastric cancer according to the Lauren classification. Representative images are shown (left panel), and the quantification of GLUT1, PCK2, and CPT1A is presented (right panel). Data are expressed as mean ± SD ( n = 62 or 80). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA: * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01. F IHC Analysis of GLUT1, PCK2, and CPT1A in Gastric Cancer Subtypes According to the WHO Classification. IHC analysis was performed on 37 cases of gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma and 153 cases of non-signet-ring cell carcinoma according to the WHO classification. Representative images are shown (left panel), and the quantification of GLUT1, PCK2, and CPT1A is presented (right panel). Data are expressed as mean ± SD ( n = 37 or 153). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA: * P < 0.05; *** P < 0.001. (G and H) Single cells from gastric cancer tissues were stained with an anti-GLUT1 antibody, sorted into GLUT1 high and GLUT1 low populations by flow cytometry ( G ), and analyzed for PCK2, CPT1A, and GLUT1 protein expression by WB ( H ). Representative images (left panel) and quantification of proteins (right panel) were displayed. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Two-way ANOVA: * P < 0.05; **** P < 0.0001.
Article Snippet: Primary antibodies included: anti-GLUT1 (Proteintech, #21829-1-AP), anti-HK2 (Cell Signaling Technology, #2106), anti-PFKP (Cell Signaling Technology, #5412), anti-ALDOA (Cell Signaling Technology, #3188), anti-TPI (Cell Signaling Technology, #34088), anti-GAPDH (Cell Signaling Technology, #2118), anti-PGK1 (Cell Signaling Technology, #68540), anti-ENO (Cell Signaling Technology, #3810), anti-PKM2 (Cell Signaling Technology, #3198), anti-ASCT2 (ABclonal, #A20485), anti-GLS (ABclonal, # A20554 ), anti-FH (ABclonal, #A20451), anti-MDH1 (ABclonal, #A20885), anti-MDH2 (ABclonal, #A20674), anti-PCK1 (ABclonal, #A2036), anti-PCK2 (Proteintech, #14892-1-AP), anti-FBP1 (ABclonal, #A20564), anti-CPT1A (ABclonal, #A20193), anti-ACADVL (ABclonal, #A20187), anti-ACADM (ABclonal, #A20365), anti-ACADS (ABclonal, #A20458), anti-ECHS1 (ABclonal, #A20967), anti-HADH (ABclonal, #A20879), anti-GLUT1 (Proteintech, #21829-1-AP), anti-PGC1α (ABclonal, #A20995), anti-CREB1 (ABclonal, #A11989), anti-FOXO1 (ABclonal, #A2934), anti-PPARγ (Cell Signaling Technology, #2435S) and anti-β-Actin (Proteintech, #23660-1-AP).
Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Microarray, Flow Cytometry, Expressing
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